Distress and Quality of Life of Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Distress and Quality of Life of Type 2 Diabetic Patients The present study measured the Distress and Quality of life of type II diabetic patients-of the two groups, group 1 and Group 2. It also assessed the correlation between Distress and Quality of life and their subdivisions such as, the correlation between Distress, emotional distress, physician distress, regimen distress, interpersonal distress; Quality of life, energy and mobility, diabetes control, anxiety and worry, sexual functioning and social burdens using Pearson’s correlation. This study also measured the difference in Distress and Quality of Life between group 1 and group 2. The first objective of the present study was to measure the Distress and Quality of life in type II Diabetic patients. This was done by using two scales, Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS17) and Diabetes 39 (D39). The frequencies and normal distribution of Distress among group 1 and group 2 shown in Figure 1 portray that there is high Distress among the participants in group 1 than in group 2; where high score indicate high Distress. Similar findings were found in a study done by Fisher, Skaff, Mullan, Arean, Glasgow Masharani (2008), an increase in distress upto 60% was present over a period of time. In Figure 2, the frequencies and normal distribution of Quality of life of group 1 and group 2 were shown which portrays that group 2 has higher Quality of Life than group 1, where low score represents high Quality of life. The second objective was to find if there exists a correlation between Distress and Quality of Life. Research review shows that there was a significant relationship between Distress Quality of life (Wu, Huang, Liang, Wang, Lee Tung, 2011). Owing to the scoring pattern, the present study showed similar results with a positive correlation between the scores of Distress and Quality of life i.e., higher score of Distress and high score of Quality of Life. However, it is to be interpreted as a negative relationship between distress and quality of life as is implied by their scoring pattern, where higher scores in distress represents higher distress whereas higher scores in quality of life represents lower Quality of life. Thus, it may be interpreted that higher the Distress, lower the Quality of Life and there was a relation established between higher Distress and Lower Quality of life. The third objective of the study was to find the difference between group 1 and group 2 of Distress and Quality of life, to find the difference between participants practicing faith based yoga as a complimentary intervention aside from the allopathy medications and participants just using the medication. There were many previous studies showing, certain management techniques have a great impact on controlling the blood sugar levels (Singh, Tandon Sharma, 2005). It was found that the Distress among group 1 was high compared to group 2. Same trend was demonstrated in all the dimensions of Distress such as emotional distress, physician distress, regimen distress and interpersonal distress. similar finding were reported by Sharma, Sen, Singh, Bharadwaj, Kochupillai Singh (2003), where type II Diabetic patients practicing sudarshana kriya were found to be experiencing low level of stress. Though both the groups differed significantly in all the dimensions of distress, the difference bet ween the groups was higher in the emotional distress dimension. As indicated by the earlier studies such as those by Snoek Polonsky (2000); Rock (2003); Pouwer (2009) that individuals diagnosed with Diabetes have emotional disturbances due to various reasons such as medication, frequent visits to hospital, comorbid conditions of Diabetes etc. Going by the dimensions of Distress, high Distress was found to be in the dimensions of Emotional Distress, followed by regimen distress, physician distress and interpersonal distress in group 1. As there was a correlation seen between Distress and Quality of life, the same was reflected in the results where group 2 had better Quality of life than group 1, where high score represents low Quality of life. Going by the dimensions, group 2 had higher Quality of life in the dimensions of energy and mobility, social burdens, diabetes control, sexual functioning and anxiety and worry. This is in accordance to the previous finding which state that there was an improvement in the Quality of life in people diagnosed with type II Diabetes who were practicing yogic breathing techniques, sudarshana kriya and pranayama (Jyothsna, Joshi, Ambedkar, Kumar, Dhawan Sreenivas, 2012). The complimentary management technique use not only gives the patients physical relaxation but it also gives them the psychological relaxation. Hence, they might act upon the lowering of Distress and higher Quality of Life of the patient. This complimentary technique gives physical, psychological as well as social outcomes. Physical outcomes are described by medical literature in multiple ways. Psychological outcomes are seen in terms of relaxation and as seen in the outcomes of lowered distress and enhanced quality of life. Togetherness with people with similar diagnosis doing an effort to manage the disease condition might contribute to the social angle. Thus, the complimentary management technique used by the group in the present study seems to have contributed effectively as indicated by low Distress and better Quality of life and their dimensions. The importance of Art of living in decreasing the Distress and enhancing the Quality of Life has been understood. Many studies have also kept forward their view on the benefits a person could achieve following Faith based yoga. As mentioned earlier by many of the physicians across the globe, Faith based yoga can be an effective intervention complimenting the allopathy medicine. Therefore, this study can contribute to the existing studies supporting this view where people can decrease their Distress and enhance their Quality of life and their dimensions to effectively control Diabetes. Shortcomings and future directions The major shortcoming of this study is the sample size, larger sample would have provided better representation of the characteristics of the population. Another major shortcoming of this study was administering the scales in group (in the Art of living centres), this could have prompted the participants to give socially desirable responses. Future recommendations of this study would be to compare the participants practicing Art of living above 10 years and below 10 years, this would give more insight on the long term effects of practicing Art of Living. Future research may also be conducted comparing the impact of various forms of Faith based yoga such as Brahma kumaries, Christian Yoga, Vipasana etc. on type II Diabetic patients. Study would have yielded clearer results if there was a pre and post interventional design. That is measurement of Distress and Quality of Life on participants before they practiced Faith based yoga and after practicing the same for a considerable period o f time such as one year or more. This would have yielded a clear effect of faith based yoga. Further research may be conducted in this direction.

Marketing the $100 Laptop

The idea of â€Å"One Laptop Per Child† that was thought up by Negroponte was designed to offer essentially a $100 Laptop to needy children around the world to promote the use of technology in the classroom and home as an educational tool. Negroponte believed that children around the world who privileged enough to own or even access a computer were at a severe disadvantage when it came to education. The first challenge that the OLPC faced was how to design and mass-produce the $100 laptop. The issues that the design team faced was rooted in the conditions faced in the countries that the laptop would be used, not only environmental conditions but also resource availability such as electricity and Internet coverage. Another challenge that the OLPC faced was how to convince the governments that this was the â€Å"best investment† to not only improve the education in their country but also assist in their fight against poverty. With regards to the design issues and ability to make the idea a reality I think they have done a great job. They have met all the design needs of the involved countries and sourced a producer that matches the demands while offering effective pricing. In my opinion I think they have done a fair job in showing the true benefits that these laptops can provide to communities that are not privileged enough to have computers and internet in every household. The strategic placements in come communities to get the attention of the governments was a great idea like in Uruguay but I believe they should have donated more to create a bigger hype and better opinion of in the news. The difficulties with marketing the OLPC to governments were based on government’s agenda matched by their budgets. What I mean by this is that if a government decides to invest a certain proportion of their budget to the OLPC then it has to be cut from some other department, which many governments could not justify. The spending of millions on laptops for children over a health program or more teachers for classrooms was a debate faced by all involved governments and created a major hurdle for OLPC to overcome. In my opinion there are two strategic options that OLPC could undertake, the first option would be to go ahead and get project underway without the firm commitments in an attempt to grab market share through first mover advantage created by being the only sub $200 laptop and then continue to market it to governments by showing benefits through real results. The other strategic option would be to join up with one of the currently successful companies to create a unified product such as the Lenovo OLPC using combined expertise and solid customer base and distribution network to bring down overall costs and make the $100 laptop a reality out of the gates.

The Ten Avenues Of Revelation - 1218 Words

The ten avenues of Revelation are: â€Å"The Lot, The Urim and Thummim, Dreams, Visions, Theophanies, Angels, Prophets, Events, Jesus Christ and The Bible.†1 The Lot is used as a form of communication from God to man. Lots were stones which were used that were casted to make decisions and one sees this where God makes the final outcome of these lots which are casted. The Urim and Thummim were gemstones that were carried on the high priest s breastplate and used as lots to make decisions on situations through Gods will. Dreams were used by God and still are as a means of special revelation to reveal truths to others. Visions is another form of revelation by God for a vision which is heard. Theophanies were appearances of God is the physical sense in the form of angels to people during the Old Testament period. Angels were used by the Lord as a means of communication from Him to mankind. Prophets were those who had God s word inspired to them directly and spoke and taught that w ord to others. Events are a things that happen that shows God s revelation for instance God parting the Red Sea. Jesus Christ is the supreme form of special revelation where God came in human form to reveal Himself to us in order to bring us salvation. The Bible is another form of special revelation that God uses to speak to us about who He is and in teaching mankind. The Contemporary Views of Revelation hold certain standards in their interpretation standards. These standards are based off of one’sShow MoreRelatedThe Hebrew Bible, By Marc Zvi Brettler1390 Words   |  6 Pagesthe assumption every reader holds a familiarity with it. Clarity comes alongside the resolution that applying the historical-critical method to the Scriptures does not set out to destroy the Hebrew Bible s importance. 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Woodrow Wilsons Fourteen Points - 1714 Words

Woodrow Wilsons Fourteen Points provided a partial model of his diplomatic approach, since he promised democracy and self-determination for Europe, particularly for countries under enemy occupation during the First World War or for subject people in the Ottoman, German and Hapsburg Empires. None of these survived the war, and the Poles, Czechs and other Europeans did gain national homelands, although this was not the case for the non-white subject peoples of the British and French Empires. Nor did it even hold true for the nations of Latin America and the Caribbean, where Wilson intervened during World War I. Indeed, Haiti was occupied from 1915-34 and the Dominican Republic from 1916-24, while Wilson intervened repeatedly in the Mexican Revolution. Moreover, at the end of World War I, Britain and France divided up Germanys African colonies between them, and also maintained control over the Arab parts of the former Ottoman Empire as trusteeships. Although Wilson is generally consider ed idealistic and well-meaning, in the Fourteen Points he ended up making many promises that the U.S. government had neither the power nor even the desire to carry out, particularly in its treatment of Germany, Russia, Turkey and the colonial peoples around the world. Nor were the other Great Powers ever likely to willingly give up their own colonies and spheres of influence while the U.S. held onto its own. Nor were Wilsons hopes for the League of Nations ever fulfilled for he died in 1924Show MoreRelatedWoodrow Wilsons Fourteen Points2163 Words   |  9 Pagespursuing negotiations of peace and cease fire, not from their European counterparts, but from American President Woodrow Wilson . 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